Backflow happens when the normal direction of water flow in your plumbing system is unexpectedly reversed. When this occurs, clean drinking water can become contaminated by used water containing chemicals, bacteria, or other harmful substances.
This reversal is typically caused by a difference in pressure—when water from a high-pressure area flows into a lower-pressure area. There are two main causes of backflow:
- Backsiphonage: Caused by negative pressure (like a vacuum) in the water supply line, often due to events like a water main break.
- Backpressure: Occurs when pressure in your system exceeds the pressure in the water supply line, often due to pumps, boilers, or elevation changes.
Without properly functioning backflow preventers, contaminated water can enter the public drinking water system—posing serious health risks.